The town of Galdames is in the historic territory of Vizcaya, within Las Encartaciones. Galdames and its mountain environment have always been bound to the extraction and treatment of the iron mineral; this activity has modified its orography, bringing out a suggestive landscape.
The most significant archaeological element in the area is Arenaza Cave, and the paintings contained within. Indeed Arenaza is the fourth cavern of Vizcaya in which cave art can be found. Moreover, Galdames counts on the Eskatxabel dolmen and another five situated between the Pico Mayor and Eretza.